Trend of repeat cesarean section after previous one LSCS at fatima memoriaijjmpitjvllahore Two years study

The cesarean section rate has been increasing both in developed and undeveloped world. The study was conducted in order to analyze factors leading to repeat cesarean section and to elaborate on [Preventable Factors] under given conditions

Duration : Two years [January 2007 to December 2008]

Methods: This study was conducted in Obstetric and Gynaecology Department of Fatima Memorial Hospital from January 2007 to December 2008. A total of 119 patients with history of previous one lower segment cesarean section [LSCS] who underwent repeat lower segment cesarean section [LSCS] were analyzed and included in the study

Results: Out of 119 CASES, 75 [63%] were elective and 44 [37%] were emergency Lower segment cesarean section [LSCS]

Prevalence of anterior open bite in patients reporting for orthodontic treatment

The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of anterior open bite in orthodontic patients. 100 sets of pretreatment study casts of patients reporting to the Orthodontics Department Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore Pakistan were selected. SPSS [10.0] was used to analyze the data. Five patients [5%] had anterior open bite. Of these five patients, three patients [60%] had anterior open bite of less than 1mm, while two patients [40%] had anterior open bite of between 1.1 - 2mm. Male to female ratio of patients having anterior open bite was 1:4

Relationship between lower incisor inclination, lower lip prominence and vertical pattern of the patient

Change in Lower Incisor inclination is effected by the change in vertical pattern of the patient and also has an impact on the lip prominence. Aim of this study was to assess the lower incisor inclination for patients with different vertical patterns and to establish correlation between IMPA and parameters used to assess the vertical pattern of the patient [1] i.e.

Spontaneous recovery from depression in women: a qualitative study of vulnerabilities, strenngths and resources

To gain insight into the perceived vulnerability and restitution factors for anxiety/or depression. Focus group discussion of seven married women recovered spontaneously from anxiety and/or depression, belonging to a lower middle class semi-urban community of Karachi. Poverty, unemployment, abuse and on going difficulties were perceived as risk factors for depression, A reliable social support system, positive thinking approach, faith, prayers, and experiencing a "turning point" event were reported as factors that promoted recovery from anxiety and/or depression. Individual vulnerabilities, strengths and resources can have an important role in recovery from anxiety and/or depression in women

Retinoblastoma; bone marrow infiltration: a study of 30 cases

Thirty patients of Retinoblastoma presenting in the Haematology Department of King Edward Medical College, Lahore were included in the study to find out the bone marrow involvement. The patients underwent bone marrow aspiration and peripheral blood examination was also done. The aspirates were screened for the presence of tumor cells. Of the patients studied 21[70%] were males while 9[30%] were females giving a male to female ratio of 2.8:1. Maximum number of patients were in the 2-3years age group. Twenty seven patients had unilateral Retinoblastomas while three patients had bilateral disease at presentation. The bone marrow of three patients showed presence of tumor cells

laboratory study of susceptibility of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus [MRSA]

To study the mode of infection, incidence of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] and their susceptibility against glycopeptides and Fucidic acid, so that awareness may be created for consultants against such notorious rapidly spreading bacteria and recommendation can be made for their prevention and control. Design: 350 S.aureus Strains were isolated from 1800 random clinical specimens. 135 MRSA out of these cultures were selected for determining susceptibility to Vancomycin, Teicoplanin 13 Fucidic acid. Place and Duration: The samples were processed in the Department of Pathology, King Edward Medical College, Lahore, during June 2000 to December 2000. The specimens from various infections suspected on clinical ground were processed by Standard methods and antibiotic susceptibility testing of all the 350 S.aureus and 135 MRSA isolates was done by using modified Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion technique. Result: Of 350 positive S.aureus cultures, 135 were found to be Methicillin resistant [38.5%] which showed susceptibility 96%, 94% and 86% to Vancomycin, Teicoplanin and Fucidic acid respectively. This study showed a high incidence of MRSA at Mayo Hospital Lahore. Glycopeptides and Fucidic acid were found to be valuable antibiotics against MRSA

case notes analysis of hysterectomy performed for non-neoplastic indications at liaquat national hospital, Karachi

To determine the indications, associated morbidity, mortality and histopathological findings in women who underwent hysterectomy for non-neoplastic indications at Liaquat National Hospital Karachi. This is a five year retrospective case note study of 143 women who underwent hysterectomy, excluding all those performed for benign or malignant pelvic neoplasms [excluding fibroids] and hysterectomy following childbirth for postpartum haemorrhage. Menorrhagia was the commonest indication for performing hysterectomy. The majority of the patients were in their forties; the commonest post operative complications were pyrexia, urinary tract and wound infections in 16% of the patients. There was no mortality associated with the procedure. The histopathology of the specimens revealed adenomyosis followed by leiomyoma to be the commonest pathology. It appears that adenomyosis is a common pathology in women from various ethnic and social backgrounds in Karachi, who are suffering from menorrhagia. Early diagnosis with high-resolution ultrasound is possible and hysterectomy may be offered earlier to these women, as they do not usually respond to medical treatment

Circadian fluctuations in timing of onset of acute ischaemic stroke

Fifty patients of acute ischemic stroke were analysed to find out the time of onset of stroke. The number of strokes per 4-hour period were the following: 12 midnight a.m., 4 [8%]; 4 a.m. -8 a.m. 15 [30%]; 8 a.m. -12 noon, 12[24%]; 12 noon - 4p.m., 6[12%]; 4 p.m.-8 p.m. 6[12%] and 8 p.m. - 12 mid night 7[14%]. It was observed that most of the strokes occurred between 4 a.m. and noon [54%] and the most frequent time of stroke onset was 4 a.m. -8 a.m. It was also noted that 44% of the strokes occurred within first hour of awakening. This study has indicated that there is a circadian variation in the time of onset of ischemic stroke peaking in the early morning and deceasing as the day passes

Fiab classification and its relationship with immunophenotype in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Morphological characteristics of blast cells were studied in 55 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and classified according to the French-American British [FAB] criteria. Thirty nine [70.9%] patients had FAB L[1] morphology and 16 [29.1%] had L[2] morphology. No case with L[3] morphology was identified. FAB L[1] morphology was slightly more frequent in adults [73.7%] as compared to children [69.4%]. Immunological classification of all cases using monoclonal antibodies was performed. No relationship was observed between the immunophenotypes and FAB morphology. Common - ALL and T-ALL immunotypes were in the same proportion of patients with L[1] [75%] and L[2] [25%] morphology

Familial alkaptonuria with neurological complications

A family of Alkaptonuric patients with autosomal dominant inheritance is recorded from the province of Azarbijan in IRAN. As yet undescribed, nerve deafness and autonomic neuropathy in this disorder is documented. Infantile hemiplegia with epileptic seizures n a juvenile member of this family in the absence of a detectable aetiology, might well be the result of this very metabolic dysfunction, which might have been in a benign form as intermittent phase in early childhood. Detailed survey of the case belonging to this disorder is suggested for detection of multiple enzyme defects in a single patient family